Applications

The study revealed the presence in icon paints of such elements as Ca, K, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Sr, Ba, Hg, Pb.

Information about the presence of certain elements in the pigments of paint helps in determining the age of the art object. And their spatial distribution gives information about the technique of writing the image – for example, the technique of multi-layer painting, technique a la prima, etc.

XROS MF30 was used to get different elements distribution on the sword fragments.

As a result of investigation, the presence on the target material (paper and textile) of micro inclusions of such elements as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb was detected. The density of these points decreases with distance from the bullet hole, it means that they are products of the shot.

Using the built-in software of the mathematical methods, the size of points with micro inclusions was estimated. The maximum diameter of micro inclusions is estimated to be about 40 microns. Most micro inclusions have a smaller diameter.

The method of X-ray fluorescence mapping makes it possible to obtain maps of the element distribution, which can explain technical and technological features of archaeological objects made of metal, the composition of alloys used for the base and the ornament. It is very important that during the experiment it was possible to show the applicability of the method to detect the ornament invisible on the surface even before the restorative intervention. Since the method is nondestructive, it was done without any harm and without changes in the material structure of the object.

One of the advantages of the MicroXRF method for fingerprint analysis is the ability to be used regardless of the surface on which the fingerprint was left (flat solid surface, paper, fabric, or porous surface).

XROS MF30 X-ray analytical microscope-microprobe allows to analyze the material of banknotes for the distribution of various elements in it with a high spatial resolution and elemental sensitivity.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is a popular technique in the jewelry world for classifying diamonds, as well as a useful tool for determining artificial diamonds. Natural diamonds are characterized by various inclusions, for example, isolated nitrogen atoms or clusters, the absorption bands of which occur in 1 300 – 1 000 cm^-1 range. Such defects are characteristic of natural stones and are not found in artificial ones.